Advancements in biomedical devices are ingenious and indispensable in health care to save millions of lives.However, microbial contamination paves the way for Magnifiers biofilm colonisation on medical devices leading to device-associated infections with high morbidity and mortality.The biofilms elude antibiotics facilitating antimicrobial resistan

n this study, a batch least square estimator that utilizes optical observation Sauce Dispenser data is developed and utilized to determine geostationary orbits (GEO).Through numerical simulations, the effects of error sources, such as clock errors, measurement noise, and the a priori state error, are analyzed.The actual optical tracking data of a G